Ancient Runes

"You wanted to ask me something, Mariana?", asked Helen Potter

Mariana relaxed a bit:
"Yes Proffesor Potter. Do you by northern Europe mean also Poland and Russia?"

"Poland yes, but Russia no. Good question, Maria .Russia was never a developt contry when it comes to magic. But as I was saying, The Runes are divided into three Aettir or groups of eight runes. Each rune represents a letter of the alphabet, as well as having several associated meanings. Translating runes is not as simple as translating a modern language, because any one rune can have several meanings, and different positioning of the letter can mean something else entirely. It's up to you to found out it's true meaning", said Helen smiling

Mariana wrote down all and raised her hand again:
"But what's the easiest way to make a difference?"

"Well, we have the Rune Alphabet for that. Each rune also has an associated gemstone, plant, gender, and all sorts of other qualities relevant to using runes with magic. The Germanic Runic alphabet or “Elder Futhark” contains 24 runes. The first six runes of the alphabet spell out the word “FUTHARK”. We also have a younger Futhark and a older alphabet", said the professor and she started writing on the black board.

This is the older alphabet from which we'll be learning





ELDER FUTHARK
rune name sound Meaning

fehu f Cattle

uruz u Aurochs

thurisaz t thorn/thurs giant

ansuz a God

raidho r chariot/journey

kennaz k Torch

gebo g Gift

wunjo w/v Joy

hagalaz h Hail

nauthiz n Need

isa i Ice

jera j/y year/harvest

eihwaz c yew

perthro p birch

elhaz z/x elk/protection

sowulo s sun

teiwaz t Tyr

berkana b birch

ehwaz e horse

mannaz m man

laguz l water

inguz g Ing

othala o property/heritage

dagaz d day

Sorry, I have made a mistake. This is corect:



ELDER FUTHARK

rune name Meaning

fehu f Cattle

uruz u Aurochs

thurisaz t thorn/thurs giant

ansuz a God

raidho r chariot/journey

kennaz k Torch

gebo g Gift

wunjo w/v Joy

hagalaz h Hail

nauthiz n Need

isa i Ice

jera j/y year/harvest

eihwaz c yew

perthro p birch

elhaz z/x elk/protection

sowulo s sun

teiwaz t Tyr

berkana b birch

ehwaz e horse

mannaz m man

laguz l water

inguz g Ing

othala o property/heritage

dagaz d day

Mariana looked confusingly and raised her hand with feather
"Sorry proffesor,but I don't understand a thing.What mean that language?"

"A step by step. We will examine the letter one by one. The first letter is Fehu or in modern language “F”.
It means cattle. You can see that in the table. Now you got to think a bit about what could it more mean. Cattle were the livelihood of the tribe, that is why this stands for wealth, prosperity and possessions won or earned, luck. The cattle were they financial strength in the present or near future. Sign of hope and plenty, success and happiness. As you see, one letter can mean a lot. It’s your task to make what it really means. It all depents on the other letter in the word. Now I'll make an example, and make everything clear.", said Helen looking for one of her papers.

"Is everything clear until now?", asked Helen